Glossary

Abortion

When a pregnant person does not want to have a baby, the person can get an abortion at the hospital. After an abortion, you are no longer pregnant.

Adoption

When one or more people take over the care of a child. This person or these people become the parent(s) of the child.

Emergency birth control pill (“the morning after pill”)

A pill that can be taken immediately, i.e. up to three to five days after unprotected vaginal intercourse, to prevent an unwanted pregnancy.

Anus

Opening of the rectum (butt/bum).

Anal sex

Having sex around or inside the anus, for example with the fingers, tongue, a sex toy or penis.

Andrologist

A doctor who is a specialist in the penis and testicles. Andrologists are experts in genital function and diseases. An andrologist can also answer questions about sex.

Asexual

An asexual person feels no or very little sexual attraction to others.

Assisted reproduction

When medical care provides help to a person or a couple who wants to get pregnant but cannot do so without help. Examples of assisted reproduction are insemination and IVF.

Pull-out method

When penetration during vaginal intercourse is interrupted before ejaculation from the penis, so the semen ends up outside the vagina. This is a very unreliable method of preventing pregnancy.

Bacterial vaginosis

Foul-smelling discharge from the vagina. Bacterial vaginosis means there is an imbalance of bacteria in the vagina.

Balanitis

An inflammation of the glans of the penis, causing increased redness, a small red rash, or causing the head and underside of the foreskin to feel irritated and raw.

Child health care center

A clinic that offers young children health exams, vaccines and guidance. Accepts children from birth until they begin preschool class. Also called BVC.

Child abuse

When a person under the age of 18 is subjected to violence, violations, or is not taken care of by their parents or another responsible adult. Hitting a child is illegal in Sweden, even for parents, regardless of whether the purpose is to discipline the child.

Midwife

Works with maternity care, maternal health, and guidance about sexuality, contraception and abortion.

Maternity clinic

A clinic where you go when you are pregnant that offers health care and check‑ups throughout pregnancy. Also called MVC, Mödravårdscentral.

Crime of child pornography

A crime in which a person takes, has, distributes, sells or in some other way enables sexual or pornographic pictures of people who have not yet reached puberty or who are under age 18.

Child marriage

A marriage in which at least one person is under the age of 18. Child marriage is not legal in Sweden.

Maternity ward

The part of the hospital where you can stay for several days after giving birth.

BDSM

A collective term for bondage, discipline, dominance or submission and sadomasochism. Based on consent.

Fertilization

When sperm and egg meet in the fallopian tube. They can then develop into an embryo, which implants in the lining of the uterus.

(Sanitary) pad or napkin

An item used to capture menstrual blood. A pad is attached inside the underwear.

Bisexual

A bisexual person is someone who is romantically attracted to and/or wants to have sex with people of any gender.

Epididymis

Part of the internal genitalia if you have a penis. The epididymis is located in the scrotum.

Flashing

When someone shows their genitals on‑line or in real life to someone in order to offend them or cause discomfort. In legal terms, this is called sexual molestation.

Labia

Skin folds located outside the body around the vagina, clitoris and urethra. There are inner and outer labia.

Breasts

Body part found on the upper body. Breasts consist of fatty tissue and mammary glands.

Nipples

A round area in the center of the breast that sticks out from it. Surrounding the nipple is the areola.

Gay

A common word for a homosexual man.

Pap test/smear

A test taken to check whether there are any changes to the cells of the cervix that could lead to cervical cancer.

Cyst

A fluid-filled sac that can occur in many organs, including the ovaries.

Date

Meeting or going out with someone who you are interested in having sex or being in a relationship with.

Discrimination

Being treated badly or insulted because of your gender, sexual orientation, gender identity, religion, ethnicity, age or disability. See hate crime, homophobia, transphobia, racism, ableism, sexism, gender equality and equality.

Embryo

An embryo is formed when an egg and sperm merge. This is called fertilization. Then, inside the uterus, the embryo develops into a fetus, which develops into a baby.

Endometriosis

When tissue from inside the uterus grows outside of the uterus, often in the fallopian tubes or abdominal wall. Endometriosis can cause severe pain during periods.

One-night stand

Having sex with someone one time.

Single parent

A parent who is not in a romantic relationship with the other parent of the child.

Erectile dysfunction

Difficulty having or sustaining an erection, even if you feel sexual desire. Also called impotence.

Erotica

Pictures, art, literature or movies with sensual and sexual content.

Ex

A person you used to be together with, but who you are not with anymore.

Fetish

When an object or body part that is not usually thought of as sexual brings a lot of pleasure, sexual attraction and arousal, like feet or leather.

Pussy

Female genitals. The word pussy describes the entire organ, both the inner and outer parts. Often considered a more vulgar word.

Girlfriend

A girl who you are in a relationship with.

Flirt

Showing interest in someone you like, someone you want to date and have sex with. Also called hitting on someone.

Discharge

The fluid that comes out of the vagina to keep it clean and fresh.

Fetus

After an embryo has developed in the uterus for nine weeks during pregnancy, it becomes a fetus.

Amniocentesis

A test that aims to find out if a fetus has any chromosomal abnormalities.

Prolapse

When something curves in towards the vagina or out through the vaginal opening, such as the vaginal walls, uterus, bladder or rectum moving downward.

Frenulum

Skin between the glans (head) and shaft of the penis. Also called sträng in Swedish, which means “string.”

Voluntary sex when the perpetrator is near the 15-year age minimum

If it is clear that the act did not involve the assault of a child with regard to the slight difference in age and development between the person who carried out the act and the child, and also the circum- stances in general, then the perpetrator will not be found guilty of a crime.

Ableism

Negative attitudes, views or feelings toward people who have disabilities, such as people who are deaf, blind, or use a wheelchair. This could also target someone with a chronic disease such as HIV.

Foreskin, hood

Thin skin covering the glans of the penis (foreskin) or clitoris (hood).

Phimosis

When the foreskin is tight-fitting and cannot be pulled back past the glans. The foreskin can sometimes become caught under the glans and cannot be pulled over or back.

Delivery

A delivery is when a baby is born. Delivery can happen vaginally – through the vagina – or via C-section.

Delivery ward

The part of the hospital where you deliver a baby.

Post-partum depression

Depression in connection to having had a baby.

Fear of childbirth

Anxiety and fear before giving birth to a baby.

Birth injuries

Injuries or tears that can happen in the genital area during childbirth.

Labor contractions

Contractions occur as the uterus, which is a muscle, pushes the baby down the birth canal during childbirth.

Pre-ejaculate (“pre-cum”)

Fluid that can come out of a penis when a person is aroused, but the fluid is not semen.

Defamation

Spreading rumours or information about someone to make others think poorly of that person and their way of living.

G-spot

A rough area slightly inside the vagina, on the front vaginal wall. This is the area where the clitoris, urethra and front vaginal wall meet.

Lubricant

A cream that can be used during sex for better glide, which makes sex more pleasurable. Can be applied to the penis, vagina and anus.

Dry humping

Having sex by rubbing or pressing the genitals against someone else’s genitals or another body part.

Gonorrhea

Gonorrhea is a sexually transmitted infection that often produces no symptoms, but which can cause pain or discomfort when urinating, unusual discharge from the vagina, urethra or rectum, or pain in the lower belly or testicles. Untreated, gonorrhea can make it harder to have a baby. It can be treated with antibiotics. Gonorrhea is included in the Communicable Diseases Act.

Pregnant

Having a fetus in the uterus, which is in the belly. Pregnancy usually lasts about nine months.

Pregnancy test

A test you can take to find out whether or not you are pregnant. You take the test by peeing on a stick.

Grooming

When a legal adult contacts and suggests meeting up with a child under the age of 15, often over the internet, in order to commit sexual assault. This is illegal. In legal terms, this is called contact with a child for sexual purposes.

Group sex

When more than two people have sex with each other at the same time.

Gynecologist

A doctor who specializes in the vulva and vagina. Gynecologists are experts in genital function, diseases and pregnancy. A gynecologist can also answer questions about sex.

Gynecological exam

An exam of the vagina carried out at a hospital, medical clinic or youth clinic.

Break up

To end a relationship. When you break up, you are not together anymore.

Desire

Feeling a strong urge to do something. Sometimes, this involves the desire to have sex.

Pimp

See pimping.

Hate crime

Subjecting a person to criminal acts such as threats or assault, where the purpose is to discriminate against a person based on the victim’s sexual orientation, gender identity, race, skin color, beliefs, or ethnic or national origin.

LGBTQI person

A collective term for people who are lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans, queer or intersex.

Honor-related violence and oppression

When a person, usually a young woman, is constrained and controlled by other people around her, and when that control is exerted in order to protect or restore the family’s reputation or honor. Legally, this includes unlawful threats, abuse, forced marriage, murder and more.

They

A neutral pronoun. In Swedish, “hen” is also used as a gender-neutral pronoun when gender is irrelevant.

Hepatitis

Hepatitis is an inflammation of the liver. There are different kinds of hepatitis. The most common kinds are hepatitis A, hepatitis B and hepatitis C. Hepatitis is caused by a virus.

Herpes

Herpes can affect the mouth and genitals. Herpes can cause blisters and sores that may itch, sting and be very painful, or that may cause no sensation at all. Herpes is transmitted very easily.

Heterosexual

A heterosexual person is someone who is romantically attracted to and/or wants to have sex with people of the opposite sex.

HIV

HIV is a virus that can be transmitted between people, for example through intercourse without a condom or by sharing needles. HIV impairs the immune system. Without treatment, HIV can become AIDS, which is deadly. With treatment, people with HIV cannot pass the virus to anyone else and will not develop AIDS; they will also live just as long as anyone else. Everyone in Sweden is entitled to free testing and treatment for HIV.

Homophobia

Negative attitudes, views or feelings towards bisexual and homosexual people or towards bisexuality and homosexuality. This is often expressed through prejudice, disdain, anger, hatred or violence.

Homosexual

A homosexual man is someone who is romantically attracted to and/or wants to have sex with men. A homosexual woman is someone who is romantically attracted to and/or wants to have sex with women.

Human papillomavirus (HPV)

A very common virus, of which there are different types. Some types of the virus cause genital warts (condyloma) or cellular changes. Other types of the virus cause warts on the hands and feet.

HPV vaccination

A vaccine that protects against several types of HPV, which can cause cellular changes to the uterus and lead to uterine cancer.

Make out

Kissing, hugging and stroking one another’s bodies, which are close together, with or without clothes on.

Non-binary

A person who does not identify as male or female.

Incest

When someone who is closely related to a child, such as a parent, grandfather or older sibling, subjects the child to sexual assault. Legally, this can be child rape, if the child is under the age of 18; sex with offspring; or sex with a sibling.

Infertile

When a person cannot become pregnant or make someone else pregnant.

Compulsory partner notification

A rule of conduct that applies to someone who has a sexually transmitted infection, such as HIV, chlamydia or gonorrhea, which stipulates that they must tell anyone they are going to have sex with that they have the disease. A doctor imposes compulsory partner notification, but can also remove it in some cases.

Insemination

A medical procedure in which sperm is placed in the uterus in order for a person to get pregnant.

Intersex variation

A collective term for different physical properties that cause someone’s body to not easily be identified as a particular sex, according to society’s norms for sex, and who are therefore neither typically “male” nor “female.” Variations may apply to the external and/or internal genitals, chromosomes and hormone production.

IVF

IVF is a treatment in which the egg is collected and fertilized by a sperm outside of the body. A fertilized egg is called an embryo. A few days after fertilization, a doctor inserts the embryo into the uterus. IVF is also called “test tube” fertilization.

Legal sex

The gender associated with you in a register, for example your registration in a municipality, or on your passport.

Equality

When people who belong to different groups are treated equally and have the same rights and opportunities to shape their lives and actively participate in society.

Gender equality

Equality between the sexes is when women and men have the same opportunities to shape their lives and society. In order for women and men to have the same power, they must have the same opportunities, rights and obligations.

C-section

In a C-section, a doctor cuts an opening through the belly and uterus in order to remove the baby.

Surgeon

A doctor who specializes in performing operations.

Chlamydia

Chlamydia is a sexually transmitted infection that often produces no symptoms, but which may cause pain or discomfort when urinating, unusual discharge from the vagina, urethra or rectum, or pain in the lower belly. Untreated, chlamydia can make it harder to have a baby. It can be treated with antibiotics and is included in the Communicable Diseases Act.

Menopause

The period in life when menstruation stops happening. Usually in your 50s.

Clitoris

A body part that is part of the vulva. Located just above the opening of the urethra. The outer part of the clitoris, the clitoral glans, is very sensitive to touch.

Clitoral glans

The glans of the clitoris is the part of the clitoris that can be seen outside the body. It is very sensitive to touch.

Screw, fuck

Having sex with one or more people.

Friend with benefits

Someone you have sex with, but who you do not have a romantic relationship with. Abbreviated as “KK” in Swedish and could also be called a lover.

Condom

A contraceptive made out of rubber. It is placed on the penis to prevent unwanted pregnancy and the transfer of sexually transmitted infections.

Condyloma

Condyloma is a sexually transmitted infection that can cause warts on the genitals. The warts can itch, sting and hurt.

Pimping

When someone persuades another person to have sex for money, or takes advantage of such a situation to make money themselves.

Hug

Wrapping your arms around another person and pressing your bodies together.

Body fluid

Something wet that comes out of the body. Examples of body fluids are blood, semen, lubrication and pre-ejaculate.

WSW (women who have sex with women)

A term for people who identify as women and have sex with other women.

CUB screening

A Combined Ultrasound and Blood test aiming to examine the fetus in a pregnant person’s belly.

Cock

Male genitals. Often considered a more crude word than penis.

Counselor

Professional who supports people who feel unwell through supportive conversation. Counselors work at hospitals and schools, for example.

Violation of a woman’s integrity

When a man subjects a woman he lives with to systematic abusive treatment. For example by hitting, forcing her to have sex, subjecting her to psychological abuse or not allowing her to leave home.

Women’s shelter, young women’s shelter

An organization that supports and helps women and trans people who have been subjected to violence by someone close to them, for example, by offering housing if the person is in danger.

Women’s clinic

A clinic that treats diseases that affect people who have a uterus. Pregnant people can go here. These clinics offer ultrasound exams of fetuses and more. They are found at most large hospitals.

French kiss

To kiss on the mouth while the tongues touch each other.

Aroused (“horny”)

A sensation in the body of the desire to have sex with oneself or with someone else.

Feel uneasy

When something does not feel good or pleasurable.

Sex (as in gender)

Sex often means woman or man. In Swedish, kön can also refer to the genitals.

Gender-based violence

Violence against women and LGBTQI people. Often takes the form of sexual violence and sexual assault. See human sex trafficking, intimate partner violence, violation of a woman’s integrity and women’s shelter/young women’s shelter. Also see sexual assault and harmful practices.

Gender-affirming treatment

A physical procedure to confirm one’s gender identity as a man, woman or non-binary person. This procedure might include surgery on the genitals or taking hormones to change the body’s appearance. Many, but not all, trans people want to undergo some kind of gender-affirming treatment.

Gender dysphoria

A diagnosis that involves suffering as a result of the fact that your body is not consistent with your gender identity. A person with gender dysphoria may choose to have gender-affirming treatment.

Gender identity

The gender you feel that you are. Gender identity has nothing to do with sexual orientation.

Genitals

Body parts located below the abdomen, such as the penis and vagina.

Sexually transmitted disease

An infection that a person can get from having unprotected sex with someone who has a sexually transmitted disease.

Genital mutilation

Cutting off or damaging the clitoris. Sometimes the inner and/or outer labia are cut off and the vaginal opening is sewn together. This is considered a gross violation of human rights and is illegal in Sweden. It is also illegal to plan, attempt, prepare to or take a girl or woman to another country in order to conduct genital mutilation. Genital mutilation is sometimes called female circumcision (kvinnlig omskärelse).

Gender dysphoria assessment

A series of exams to determine whether a person has the right to free gender affirming care. Anyone who is diagnosed with gender dysphoria has the right to this care. The diagnosis is made by a specialist team at a hospital.

Lesbian

A common word for a homosexual woman. Also called flata in Swedish, or dyke.

Sleep with

Having sex with one or more people.

Uterus/womb

A part of the reproductive organs of people with a vagina. The uterus is located inside the body, in the belly. This is where the fetus is during pregnancy.

Neck of the womb

Lower part of the uterus/womb – and also the narrowest part of the uterus. The neck of the womb ends at the cervix.

Cervix

The entrance to the uterus from the vagina.

Lubrication

The fluid in the vulva that arises when a person is sexually aroused.

Laughing gas

A pain reliever that you inhale when you are experiencing pain. Laughing gas is primarily used in conjunction with childbirth.

Doctor

Works to fight disease or injury and prevent illness.

Mammography

An X-ray exam of the breast used to detect cysts and tumors.

Men’s clinic

A clinic where everyone who identifies as male and/or who has a penis can go for care, support and to talk. Men’s clinics are primarily focused on sex and relationships.

Perineum

The area between the anus and the vulva or scrotum.

Period

Blood that comes out of the vagina from the uterus. This happens regularly about once a month starting at puberty.

Menstrual cup

A product that can be used during a period. The menstrual cup is inserted into the vagina and collects menstrual blood.

Menstrual cramps

Pain that happens in connection with a period.

Miscarriage

When the body ends a pregnancy before the baby is born.

Monoamorous

A monoamorous person wants to be in a monogamous relationship, i.e., they want a relationship with one person at a time.

Monogamous relationship

A relationship in which the people involved have agreed not to have sexual or romantic contact with people outside of the relationship.

MSM (men who have sex with men)

A term for people who identify as men and have sex with other men.

Mycoplasma genitalium

Mycoplasma is a bacterium that can cause itchiness in the genitals and discharge from the penis or vagina. It can also cause pain in the lower abdomen or in the scrotum.

Myoma/uterine fibroids

A benign tumor that can occur in the muscle tissue of the uterus. Fibroids are very common; almost half of all people who have a uterus have them.

Polygamy

When someone is married to more than one person. It is not permitted to marry several people in Sweden. This crime is called bigamy.

Human sex trafficking

Forcing or tricking a person to perform sexual service by transporting, receiving or abducting them.

Reduced sexual desire

Not wanting to have sex or not wanting to have sex as often as one used to.

Enjoy

When something feels good or pleasurable.

Glans

Part of the penis. The glans is at the tip of the penis shaft and is the most sensitive part of the penis.

Circumcision

Cutting all or part of the foreskin off of the penis. Sometimes the word circumcision is also used to refer to female genital mutilation.

Masturbate

To have sex with yourself. During masturbation, it is common to stroke the genitals or anus, or around them, or other parts of the body.

Oral sex

Having sex with the mouth by kissing, licking or sucking on someone’s genitals or anus. Also called going down on someone.

Orgasm

A pleasant feeling that can happen during sex with others or with yourself. An orgasm causes the muscles around the genitals to contract.

Orgasmic dysfunction

When orgasm happens too quickly, is abnormally delayed, happens rarely or does not happen at all. When an orgasm is perceived as uncomfortable or too weak, this is also orgasmic dysfunction.

Report of concern

Reporting to social services that you are concerned that a child is being treated badly. Teachers, doctors or preschool staff who feel concerned about children under age 18 are obligated to submit a report of concern. Private individuals are not obligated to submit a report, but they should do so.

Virginity testing

When someone claims that they can examine a girl’s genitals to see whether she has had sex with other people or not, which is not possible to determine medically. Healthcare staff are not permitted to conduct such an examination or write a certificate regarding this, regardless of whether someone has given consent. If the examination is against the girl’s will, it is sexual assault.

Infidelity

Doing something sexual with someone other than the person you are in a relationship with.

Unwanted pregnancy

Being pregnant when you do not want to be pregnant.

Birth control pills

Pills that a person with a uterus takes once per day to prevent pregnancy. Birth control pills are a contraception method and come in different varieties.

Birth control patch

A patch placed on the skin of a person with a uterus. The patch is changed after a week. The patch is a contraception method that prevents pregnancy.

P-spot

An area located slightly inside the anus, near the prostate, that is sensitive to touch.

Vaginal ring

The vaginal ring is a contraception method that prevents pregnancy. It is a soft plastic ring that you insert into your vagina yourself.

Birth control shot

A shot that a person with a uterus gets once every three months. The birth control shot is a contraception method that prevents pregnancy.

Birth control implant

A soft plastic rod that is inserted under the skin on the upper arm of a person with a uterus. The birth control implant is a contraception method that prevents pregnancy.

Partner

A person with whom you are in a relationship, regardless of their gender.

Intimate partner violence (violence by a man against a woman he is in a relationship with, and violence in intimate relationships)

When a person physically or mentally abuses a person they are in a romantic relationship with.

Penis

The male sexual organ.

Perineum

The area between the anus and vulva or scrotum.

Personal privacy

See spreading sexual pictures of others and defamation.

Diaphragm

A small silicone cup that is placed inside the vagina, covering the cervix. A diaphragm is used with a gel. Diaphragms are a contraception method.

Boyfriend

A boy you are in a relationship with.

Polyamorous

A polyamorous person is able to be romantically/physically attracted to multiple people at once.

Pornography, porn

Pictures and videos with sexual content aiming to arouse or turn on the viewer.

Premature ejaculation

Ejaculating earlier than you want to, which can be a problem for yourself and for your partner.

Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD)

A more severe form of PMS. Symptoms are often mental, such as depression or anxiety. Other symptoms include mood swings and fatigue.

Premenstrual syndrome (PMS)

Physical and mental symptoms that occur for several days before menstruation starts. For example, sore breasts, headache, mood swings, reduced energy and depression.

PrEP

A medicine that can be taken to reduce the risk of HIV.

Contraception

Contraception is used to prevent pregnancy in people who want to have vaginal sex involving a penis. Examples of contraception are condoms, birth control pills or an IUD. Condoms are the only contraception method that protects against both pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections.

Prostate

A gland that is located inside the body in people with a penis, between the urethra and rectum. It produces some of the fluid that is part of ejaculation.

Prostate exam

An exam of the prostate carried out either by feeling it through the rectum or via a blood sample.

Prostatitis

Inflammation of the prostate gland. The most common form is chronic prostatitis. Also called chronic pelvic pain.

Prostitution

See buying sex and pimping.

Psychiatrist

A doctor who specializes in mental illness and mental states.

Psychologist

Works with mental health. For example, a psychologist can offer help to people who are mentally unwell. Talking with a psychologist is called going to therapy.

Puberty

The period in life when the body changes from being a child to an adult. For most people, puberty occurs between ages 8 and 13.

Pubic hair

Hair that grows on and around the genitals. Also called the pubic patch.

To finger

A word that means having sex with yourself (masturbating) if you have a clitoris, vulva and vagina. It can also refer to someone else stroking the clitoris, vulva and vagina.

Scrotum

A sac of skin located underneath the penis. The scrotum contains the testicles and epididymis.

Kiss

To press the lips to another person’s mouth or body.

Queer

A queer person questions heteronormativity. This can apply to sexual orientation, gender identity or how you want to form relationships with other people. The concept has many meanings.

Racism

Negative attitudes, views or feelings toward people with dark skin or people with a different ethnicity, religion or culture than your own.

Rimming

Licking in and around the anus.

Jerk off

Word for masturbation when you have a penis. For example, stroking the head (glans) of the penis, or moving the foreskin back and forth over the head.

Spinal anesthesia

Spinal anesthesia can be used during childbirth or surgery on the lower portion of the body. Also called an epidural or spinal block.

Live-in partner

A partner you live with, but are not married to.

Sexual intercourse

A way of having sex. Sexual intercourse means sex where a penis penetrates or is surrounded by a vagina or anus.

Pain during intercourse

Pain that occurs during sexual intercourse. The pain can be in the vulva, vagina, penis, scrotum or testicles, or inside the body.

Sexual position

A way of positioning the bodies while having sex.

SESAM Clinic

A clinic where people go to get tested and receive treatment for sexually transmitted infections. These clinics also offer guidance on contraceptives, sex and relationships.

Sex

Doing something that feels pleasurable. Sex can be with yourself or with other people. Stroking or having intercourse are some examples.

Sex for pay

See buying sex and pimping.

Sexual debut

Sexual debut often means the first time you have sex with someone else.

Sexism

Negative attitudes, opinions or feelings toward women and people perceived as female or feminine. Can be expressed in the form of prejudice, contempt, anger, hatred or violence and is based on power structures and norms.

Buying sex

Giving a person something in exchange for doing something sexual with or to them. It is illegal to buy sex, but it is not illegal to sell sex.

Sex toy

An item you can have sex with in the company of others or by yourself, such as a dildo, cock ring or vibrator.

Sexologist

A professional who offers talk therapy regarding sex and relationship problems for romantic and sexual partners.

Sex position

A way of positioning the bodies while having sex.

Sexual orientation

A word describing which gender you are romantically attracted to and/or want to have sex with. Sexual orientation includes heterosexuality, bisexuality and homosexuality (gay or lesbian). These three are included in the Swedish Discrimination Act.

Sexual practice

Different ways of having sex, such as dry humping, petting, masturbation or vaginal intercourse.

Sexual fantasies

Thoughts and dreams with sexual content.

Sexual harassment

When someone tries to infringe on another person sexually, for example in the workplace or at school. Employers and schools are responsible for preventing this from happening. Unions can provide support to people who have been subjected to sexual harassment at their workplace. Also see sexual assault.

Sexual assault

Carrying out a sexual act on someone against their will. For example, photographing or touching a person’s body against their will is sexual assault regardless of whether or not violence was involved, and whether or not the perpetrator and the victim know each other or are married. See rape, sexual assault and sexual molestation.

Child sexual abuse

In Sweden, a person under the age of 15 is not considered able to give valid consent to sex. Therefore, the underlying principle is that all sexual acts by a legal adult on/with a person under age 15 are considered sexual abuse. The purpose is to protect children from adult sexuality. This means that children under age 15 can explore their sexuality with other children and are not committing a crime if they have consensual sex. See child rape, sexual exploitation of children, voluntary sex when the perpetrator is near the 15-year age minimum, crime of child pornography, child abuse, incest, grooming and virginity testing.

Sexual molestation

Doing sexual things to a person against their will, for example groping or showing one’s naked genitals in real life or online (“flashing”). See sexual assault.

Sexual exploitation of children

When a person has sex with or performs a sexual act with or on a person under age 15, but the act is less severe than rape. For example, if a person has sex with a person who is just under 15 years old, and the sex is voluntary.

Sexual assault

When someone carries out a sexual act on an unwilling participant that is considered less violating in legal terms than rape. See rape.

Single

Not in a romantic relationship.

Nurse

A professional who works with practical, clinically oriented healthcare. There are different types of nursing professions, which are associated with the specialty in which the nurse is trained.

Harmful practices

Practices such as medical procedures or marriages that are illegal in Sweden, often targeting girls and women. These often involve violence and violations of human rights. See honor-related violence and oppression, genital mutilation, forced marriage, child marriage and polygamy.

To divorce

To end a marriage. When you are divorced, you are no longer married. Either party can file for divorce and you do not need to be in agreement about getting a divorce.

A divorce

To no longer be married to a person, you undergo a divorce. Everyone has the right to seek a divorce and it is enough that one person in the marriage wants to get a divorce.

Mucous membrane

Thin, moist skin located in body openings – for example in the vagina, urethra, anus, mouth and under the foreskin.

Vagina

The vagina is an approximately 10 cm long, soft canal in the body. The vagina goes from the vaginal opening in the vulva to the cervix. Menstrual fluid and other fluids come out through the vagina. During vaginal birth, the baby comes out through the vagina.

Vaginal corona

A folded, thin, moist mucous membrane located slightly inside the vaginal opening.

Caress

Stroking your own or someone else’s body with your hands.

Petting

Having sex by touching one another’s genitals or bodies with the hands.

Communicable disease control

The state is responsible for making sure certain diseases, such as HIV, chlamydia, gonorrhea and syphilis, do not spread. This means that certain measures must be taken if someone who is infected is admitted for care. See Communicable Diseases Act, compulsory partner notification and contact tracing.

Communicable Diseases Act

A law that aims to prevent certain diseases, such as chlamydia, gonorrhea, HIV and syphilis, from spreading. The Communicable Diseases Act stipulates that everyone is entitled to free testing for sexually transmitted infections, and that anyone who gets such an infection is to receive free treatment. It also stipulates the state’s responsibility with regard to preventing the spread of diseases.

Contact tracing

A person who has tested positive for certain infections, such as chlamydia or HIV, must tell healthcare staff who they have had sex with so people who may have the infection can get tested.

Pain relief

Medicine that reduces the sensation of pain.

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Word for a girl’s genitals.

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Word for a boy’s genitals.

Semen

The fluid that comes from a penis during ejaculation and which contains sperm.

Intrauterine device (IUD)

An IUD is a contraception method that prevents pregnancy. It is inserted into the vagina and placed inside the uterus. There are two kinds of IUD: hormonal and copper. 

Sharing intimate images without consent

Sharing intimate images of someone without their consent is a crime. It does not matter if the pictures were sent voluntarily or if the pictures were taken in secret. Legally, this can be called invasion of privacy or defamation. Covertly taking pictures of someone else’s body, for example in a dressing room, fitting room, bathroom or at home, is called photographic activity constituting invasion of privacy in legal terms.

Sterile

When a person cannot become pregnant or get someone else pregnant.

Sterilization

An operation that results in someone no longer being able to become pregnant or get someone else pregnant.

Frenulum/ “banjo string”

Skin between the glans (head) and shaft of the penis. 

Erection

When a penis or clitoris fills with blood, becomes firm, grows and moves.

(Vaginal) yeast infection

An infection that occurs when yeast begins to grow in the vagina or on the vulva. Symptoms can include itching inside and outside of the vagina, or red and swollen mucous membranes, as well as a whitish discharge.

Corpus cavernosum

A type of tissue in the genitals. Corpora cavernosa are found in the penis and clitoris.

Syphilis

Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infection that often produces no symptoms, but can cause small sores in places where the disease has been transmitted. Untreated, syphilis can cause severe secondary illness many years later that impacts the heart and nervous system. It can be treated with antibiotics. Syphilis is included in the Communicable Diseases Act.

Seminal vesicles

Part of the internal genitalia in people with a penis. The seminal vesicles are located behind the bladder, inside the body.

Vas deferens

Part of the internal genitalia in people with a penis. Sperm are transported through the vas deferens to the urethra during ejaculation.

Safe periods

Safe periods refers to having sex during the period in time when the risk of conceiving is low.

Safer sex

Sex with a condom or sex in a way that poses little or no risk of passing sexually transmitted infections.

Groping

When someone touches someone else’s body against that person’s will, for example their butt, breasts, thighs or genitals. Groping is illegal and in legal terminology it is called sexual molestation. See sexual assault and sexual harassment.

Tampon

A product that can be used during a period. The tampon is inserted into the vagina, where it absorbs menstrual blood.

Getting tested

Taking a sample from the mouth, vagina or anus to see if you have a sexually transmitted infection. Urine samples and blood samples are also used.

Testicle

Part of the internal genitalia of those who have a penis. The testicles are located in the scrotum. They produce sperm and certain hormones.

Testicular torsion

When a testicle has rotated inside the scrotum.

Premature ejaculation

Ejaculating after a very short period of time when having sex. Also called rapid ejaculation (snabb utlösning).

Being nagged into sex

When a person is continually asked, suggested and pressured into sex when they do not want to. Being nagged into sex means sex that is not characterized by mutual desire.

Transphobia

Negative attitudes, views or feelings toward trans people or toward transgenderism in general. This is often expressed through prejudice, disdain, anger, hatred or violence.

Trans woman

A person who was born with a penis and was assigned the legal sex of ”male” at birth, but who feels inside that she is a woman.

Trans man

A person who was born with a vagina and was assigned the legal sex of ”female” at birth, but who feels inside that he is a man.

Trans person

Being trans involves breaking with societal norms about gender, gender expression and gender identity. What all trans people have in common is that their gender identity and/or gender expression is not consistent with the legal sex they were assigned at birth. Trans people, like everyone else, may have different sexual orientations. Also see trans woman, trans man and non-binary.

Threesome

When three people have sex with each other at the same time.

Forced marriage

When someone uses violence or threats of criminal acts, or takes advantage of a person’s state of dependence, to force that person to get married. This is illegal in Sweden.

Professional confidentiality

Having a duty not to share certain information. This applies to people in certain professions, such as doctors, psychologists, teachers, priests, lawyers and police officers.

Being turned on

Feeling horny or aroused by someone or something.

Ultrasound

An exam that is used to see a moving image of a fetus.

Genitals

Sex organs, both the penis and vagina, can be called genitals.

Assistant nurse

A professional who works with practical care in nursing, care for the elderly or home-help services.

Youth clinic

A clinic where people between the ages of 13 and 23 (sometimes 25) can go to get tested for sexually transmitted infections, get contraceptives, and information about sex and relationships, or therapy.

Aroused

A sensation in the body of the desire to have sex with oneself or with someone else.

Urinary incontinence

Not being able to control when you urinate. Also called involuntary urinary leakage (ofrivilligt urinläckage).

Urethra

A narrow tube in the genitals that allows us to urinate. Urine is transported through the urethra from the bladder.

Urinary tract infection (UTI)

An infection in parts of the urinary tract caused by bacteria. Common symptoms are pain when urinating and feeling that you have to urinate frequently.

Urologist

A doctor who specializes in the urinary tract. A urologist focuses on surgical and medical treatment of diseases of the urinary tract in both people with a vagina and people with a penis. The urologist is also knowledgeable about the penis and scrotum.

Ejaculation

When fluid comes out of the penis, often in connection with orgasm. Another word is cum. It is also called ejaculation when fluid comes from the urethra of a person with a vagina, often in connection with orgasm.

Ectopic pregnancy

A complication during pregnancy where the fertilized egg attaches outside of the uterus in the fallopian tube.

Vaccination

Getting a vaccine that provides protection against a certain disease. The vaccine initiates the body’s immune defense against the bacteria or virus that causes the disease.

Vagina

A part of the female genitalia. The vagina is inside the body, but the word is sometimes used to describe both the inner and outer genitals.

Female condom

A rubber contraceptive that can be placed inside the vagina or anus during sex that involves inserting the penis into the vagina or anus. Also called internal condom or femidom.

Vaginal sex

Sex that involves penetrating the vagina with the fingers, a sex toy or a penis. Also called slidsex (”vaginal sex”).

Vaginismus

When the vagina spasms when trying to put something inside it. This can happen when inserting a tampon, during gynecological exams, when trying to have sex or during masturbation. 

Being married

Having entered into a marriage with another person; both parties must be over age 18.

Being together

Being in a romantic relationship with another person.

Being romantically attracted

Having strong feelings for and liking someone very much.

Being a couple

Being in a romantic relationship with another person.

Water breaking

When a pregnant person’s amniotic sac breaks and the amniotic fluid leaks out.

Pubic mound/mons pubis

The rounded area above the labia.

Vulva

The outer part of the genitals of a person with a vagina. The part that is visible outside the body.

Vulvodynia

Pain in and around the vulvar area. The pain is usually the most severe around the vaginal opening. Also called vestibulitis and vestibulodynia.

Rape

Rape is when someone forces intercourse or a comparable act on a person who is not a willing participant. It is a crime. No one may have sex with someone who is asleep and no one may take advantage of the fact that someone is heavily under the influence of alcohol or drugs. It is also rape if the other person is only participating due to violence or threats. See sexual assault.

Child rape

When a person has sex with a child under age 15 through vaginal, oral, or anal penetration, or uses an object to penetrate them. It does not matter if the child initiated this or agreed to have sex. This can also take place over the internet. See child sexual abuse.

Healthcare center

A clinic where you can go if you feel sick, where you can meet mainly with nurses and doctors, but also a therapist or psychologist.

Areola

A round area surrounding the nipple. The areola is darker and rougher than the rest of the skin on the breast.

Fallopian tube

Thin tube-shaped organ that connects the ovaries to the uterus.

Ovulation

Ovulation describes the course of events in which the egg is released from the ovary and travels through the fallopian tube to the uterus.

Ovary

Part of the internal genitalia in a person with a uterus. There are two ovaries. Ovaries produce and release eggs.

Loving someone

A strong expression for liking someone.

Changing one’s legal gender

A person who is over age 16 can change their legal gender by submitting an application to the Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare. In order to apply, the person must first contact the healthcare system and get a certificate that they meet the legal requirements. If the person is under 18, the application must be submitted by their guardian. See also legal sex, gender-affirming treatment, gender dyphoria assessment, gender dysphoria and trans person.

Mutual desire

That all people having sex with each other want to have sex and are having sex with each other in a way that feels good for all parties.

Open relationship

A relationship in which the people involved have agreed to also have sexual or romantic contact with people outside the relationship.